Sequin can send a JSON event for every INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE in your Postgres database to AWS Lambda via SQS or SNS:

SQS queue – Sequin pushes to SQS; Lambda pulls via an event‑source mapping.
SNS topic – Sequin publishes to SNS; SNS pushes straight into Lambda.

We’ll start by discussing the differences between using SQS and SNS. Then walk through the steps to create a CDC pipeline using each service. With your Postgres data streaming to Lambdas, you can:

Trigger downstream workflows (for example, send a Slack message or transactional email the moment a row is inserted).
Keep an external cache or search index (Redis, OpenSearch, Algolia) in‑sync with Postgres updates. (When Sequin’s native sinks don’t meet your needs.)
Fan‑out enriched CDC events to micro‑services that don’t have direct database access.
Feed real‑time analytics pipelines (Kinesis, Firehose, Redshift) without complex ETL jobs.
Detect anomalies in critical tables and raise alerts within seconds.

Architecture overview

Sequin captures logical replication changes from Postgres.
Changes are delivered to SQS or SNS (your chosen sink).
AWS Lambda consumes the events—either by polling a queue (SQS) or by receiving pushes (SNS).
Your Lambda code processes the payload (e.g., triggers workflows, updates downstream systems).

	SQS	SNS
Delivery model	Lambda polls queue	SNS pushes message
Message retention	Up to 14 days + Dead‑Letter Queue	~24 hours retry window
Concurrency control	Batch size & queue depth	One invocation per publish
Fan‑out	One consumer per queue (clone to fan‑out)	Native multi‑subscriber
Ordering support	FIFO queues	None
Ideal when	Durable, single consumer	Low‑latency, multi consumer

We generally recommend SQS if you need:

Ordering: You can use Sequin with an SQS FIFO queue to receive messages in order. For example, if a row is inserted than updated, an SQS FIFO queue will ensure your Lambdas process the insert before the update.
Batching: SQS allows your Lambda to receive batches of messages. You might prefer batching if your Lambda is sending messages to another system, as batching can improve throughput.

However, choose SNS when you want the simplest, lowest‑latency fan‑out: SNS pushes each message directly to Lambda (no polling) and can deliver the same event to multiple subscribers at once. There’s no queue to manage, retries are handled automatically, and the operational overhead is lower than SQS for many‑consumer, push‑based workloads.

Prerequisites

If you’re self‑hosting Sequin:

Additionally:

Permissions in AWS to manage SQS/SNS and Lambda resources.

Option A – SQS queue

1. Create or pick a queue

Open SQS in AWS Console

Navigate to AWS → SQS → “Create queue”.

Choose queue type

Select “Standard” or “FIFO” (ordered). Most Sequin users choose “FIFO”, as usually you want to process Postgres changes in order.

Name & settings

Give the queue a name (e.g. postgres-events.fifo). Leave defaults unless you need custom retention or DLQ.

Copy Queue URL

After creation, note the Queue URL and ARN. You’ll need these in a moment.

2. Grant Sequin permission

Create IAM user

Navigate to AWS → IAM → “Users” → “Create user”.

Configure user details

Name the user (e.g. sequin-sqs-publisher) and click “Next”.

Add permissions

Select “Attach policies directly”, then create an inline policy with the following JSON (replace the Resource ARN with your actual queue ARN):

{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "sqs:SendMessage",
        "sqs:SendMessageBatch",
        "sqs:GetQueueAttributes"
      ],
      "Resource": "arn:aws:sqs:us-east-1:123456789012:postgres-events"
    }
  ]
}

Create access key

After creating the user, go to the “Security credentials” tab and create an access key for programmatic access.

Save credentials

Store the Access key ID and Secret access key—you’ll paste them into Sequin next.

3. Create an SQS sink in Sequin

Open "Sinks" in Sequin

In the Sequin console click ”+ Create Sink” → “SQS”.

Enter queue details

Paste the Queue URL, Access key ID, and Secret key.

Configure other settings

You can optionally configure settings like filters and backfills. For more detail on these settings, see the general setup guide for SQS.Sequin also lets you write custom transform functions to modify the payload before it’s sent to SQS. Use a transform if you want your Lambda function to receive a certain shape.

Save

Click “Create sink”. Sequin starts streaming changes immediately.

4. Verify messages are being sent to SQS (optional)

Before proceeding to set up the Lambda consumer, it’s a good idea to verify that messages are being delivered to your SQS queue:

Make some changes in your Postgres database (e.g., insert into users(name) values ('test_user');). (If you had Sequin perform an initial backfill, you can skip this step.)
In the Sequin console, navigate to your SQS sink and check the “Messages” tab. You should see the changes listed with “Delivered” status.
In the AWS Console, navigate to SQS → Your queue. In the graphs, you should see a spike in messages received.
If messages aren’t appearing, check the sink’s status in Sequin (any error messages?)

Once you’ve confirmed messages are flowing to SQS, you’re ready to connect Lambda as a consumer.

5. Connect Lambda to the queue

Create the function

In AWS → Lambda → “Create function”, pick “Author from scratch”, name it cdc‑processor, and choose your runtime (Node 18 in examples below).Click “Create function”.

Add SQS trigger

On the “Function overview” page, click ”+ Add trigger” and select “SQS”.Under “SQS queue”, select the queue you created in Sequin.Under “Event source mapping configuration”, you can leave “Active trigger” checked if you’re OK with your Lambda function receiving messages from Sequin right away.Choose a reasonable “Batch size”. If each message your Lambda will process needs to be processed individually, you might consider a batch size of 1 (e.g. the Lambda will trigger a side effect for each message). If your Lambda will be forwarding messages in a batch to another system, you might consider a larger batch size for higher throughput.Under “Maximum concurrency”, optionally cap the number of concurrent messages your Lambda function will process. It might be best to leave this uncapped, so that your Lambdas can scale up to handle a burst of messages (after, for example, a backfill from Sequin or a large update to a table).Click “Add”.

AWS console, configuring the SQS trigger

6. Handle events in your function

If you didn’t specify a transform, refer to the messages reference for details on the default payload you’ll receive:

// cdc-processor/index.js
export const handler = async (event) => {
  for (const record of event.Records) {
    const change = JSON.parse(record.body);
    /* {
      record: {
        id: 1,
        name: "alice"
      },
      changes: null,
      action: "insert",
      metadata: {
        table_schema: "public",
        table_name: "users",
        commit_timestamp: "2024-03-21T15:30:00.127470Z",
        commit_lsn: 123456789,
        commit_idx: 1,
        database_name: "myapp-prod",
        consumer: {
          id: "f47ac10b-58cc-4372-a567-0e02b2c3d479",
          name: "users_sqs",
          annotations: {"my-custom-key": "my-custom-value"}
        },
        database: {
          id: "12345678-9abc-def0-1234-56789abcdef0",
          name: "myapp-prod",
          annotations: {"my-custom-key": "my-custom-value"},
          database: "myapp-prod",
          hostname: "db.example.com"
        }
      }
    } */
    console.log(change);
  }
};

7. Test the pipeline

Insert a row in Postgres (INSERT INTO users(name) VALUES ('alice');).
In Sequin, you should see “Processed messages” increase. The message should also be shown as “Delivered” in the “Messages” tab.
In CloudWatch → Logs → “Log groups” locate /aws/lambda/postgres-processor and confirm the event appears.

If Sequin shows the message as “Delivered”, that means that the message made it to the SQS queue. If you’re not seeing logs for your Lambda function in CloudWatch, it means that the message is not reaching your Lambda function. Be sure that the SQS trigger (event‑source mapping) on your function is Enabled, that the Lambda execution role has sqs:ReceiveMessage permission, and that any batch‑size or reserved‑concurrency limits aren’t blocking the invocation.

1. Create or pick a topic

Open SNS in AWS Console

Navigate to AWS → SNS → “Topics” → “Create topic”.

Choose topic type

Select “Standard” for most use cases. (“FIFO” topics are not directly compatible with Lambda subscriptions - they can only deliver to SQS FIFO queues.)

Name & settings

Give the topic a name (e.g. postgres-events). Leave defaults unless you need custom message retention.

Note the Topic ARN

After creation, note the Topic ARN. You’ll need this in a moment.

2. Create Lambda function

Create the function

In AWS → Lambda → “Create function”, pick “Author from scratch”, name it cdc-processor, and choose your runtime (Node 18 in examples below).Click “Create function”.

Set up function code

In the code editor, paste the following Lambda handler (or your own version):

// cdc-processor/index.js
export const handler = async (event) => {
  for (const record of event.Records) {
    const change = JSON.parse(record.Sns.Message);
    /* {
      record: {
        id: 1,
        name: "alice"
      },
      changes: null,
      action: "insert",
      metadata: {
        table_schema: "public",
        table_name: "users",
        commit_timestamp: "2024-03-21T15:30:00.127470Z",
        commit_lsn: 123456789,
        commit_idx: 1,
        database_name: "myapp-prod",
        consumer: {
          id: "f47ac10b-58cc-4372-a567-0e02b2c3d479",
          name: "users_sns",
          annotations: {}
        },
        database: {
          id: "12345678-9abc-def0-1234-56789abcdef0",
          name: "myapp-prod",
          annotations: {},
          database: "myapp-prod",
          hostname: "db.example.com"
        }
      }
    } */
    console.log(change);
  }
};

SNS wraps the CDC payload inside event.Records[*].Sns.Message as a string, so you’ll need to parse it as shown above.

Add permissions

Lambda needs permission to receive messages from SNS. In the Lambda’s execution role, ensure it has the sns:Receive and sns:Subscribe permissions for your topic.

Add SNS trigger

On the Lambda detail page:

Click “Add trigger”
Select “SNS” from the trigger dropdown
Select your topic
Click “Add”

AWS console, configuring the SNS trigger

4. Grant Sequin permission

Create IAM user

Navigate to AWS → IAM → “Users” → “Create user”.

Configure user details

Name the user (e.g. sequin-sns-publisher) and click “Next”.

Add permissions

Select “Attach policies directly”, then create an inline policy with the following JSON (replace the Resource ARN with your actual topic ARN):

{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "sns:Publish",
        "sns:PublishBatch",
        "sns:GetTopicAttributes"
      ],
      "Resource": "arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:postgres-events"
    }
  ]
}

Create access key

After creating the user, go to the “Security credentials” tab and create an access key for programmatic access.

Save credentials

Store the Access key ID and Secret access key—you’ll paste them into Sequin next.

Open Sinks in Sequin

In the Sequin console click ”+ Create Sink” → “SNS”.

Enter topic details

Paste the Topic ARN, Access key ID, and Secret access key.

Configure other settings

You can optionally configure settings like filters and backfills. For more detail on these settings, see the general setup guide for SNS.Sequin also lets you write custom transform functions to modify the payload before it’s sent to SNS. Use a transform if you want your Lambda function to receive a certain shape.

Save

Click “Create sink”. Sequin starts streaming changes immediately.

6. Test the pipeline

Insert a row in Postgres (insert into users(name) values ('alice');).
In Sequin, you should see “Processed messages” increase. The message should also be shown as “Delivered” in the “Messages” tab.
In CloudWatch → Logs → “log groups” locate /aws/lambda/cdc-processor and confirm the event appears.

If Sequin shows the message as “Delivered”, that means that the message made it to the SNS topic. If you’re not seeing logs for your Lambda function in CloudWatch, check that:

The subscription between SNS and Lambda is properly configured and active
The Lambda execution role has permissions to receive messages from SNS
SNS delivery status notifications aren’t reporting failures (check SNS → Topics → your topic → “Subscriptions”)

Verify & monitor

Sink dashboard – In Sequin, open the sink and watch the “Messages” tab for latest deliveries.
SNS delivery status – In the SNS console, you can enable delivery status logging to CloudWatch to track message delivery.
CloudWatch metrics – Monitor Lambda duration, error count, and SNS delivery metrics.
CloudWatch Alarms – Set up alarms for delivery failures and Lambda errors to catch issues early.

Maintenance & troubleshooting

Schema changes – When your database schema changes, your Lambda code may need updates to handle new or removed fields.
Message filtering – Use SNS message filtering or Sequin’s filters to reduce noise.
Backfills – Use Sequin’s “Backfill” feature to send existing rows to your topic when adding new consumers or recreating a Lambda.

Next steps

Stream to SQS

Complete guide for setting up SQS sinks with Sequin.

Stream to SNS

Complete guide for setting up SNS topics with Sequin.

Filter messages

Send only the changes that matter to your Lambda functions.

Transform payloads

Reshape data before it reaches your Lambda consumers.

Get started

Sink setup guides

How-to guides

Concepts

Reference

Database setup guides

Tutorials

How to stream Postgres changes to AWS Lambda

Architecture overview

Prerequisites

Option A – SQS queue

1. Create or pick a queue

2. Grant Sequin permission

3. Create an SQS sink in Sequin

4. Verify messages are being sent to SQS (optional)

5. Connect Lambda to the queue

6. Handle events in your function

7. Test the pipeline

1. Create or pick a topic

2. Create Lambda function

4. Grant Sequin permission

6. Test the pipeline

Verify & monitor

Maintenance & troubleshooting

Next steps

Stream to SQS

Stream to SNS

Filter messages

Transform payloads

​Architecture overview

​SQS vs SNS at a glance

​Prerequisites

​Option A – SQS queue

​1. Create or pick a queue

​2. Grant Sequin permission

​3. Create an SQS sink in Sequin

​4. Verify messages are being sent to SQS (optional)

​5. Connect Lambda to the queue

​6. Handle events in your function

​7. Test the pipeline

​Option B – SNS topic

​1. Create or pick a topic

​2. Create Lambda function

​3. Subscribe Lambda to the topic

​4. Grant Sequin permission

​5. Create an SNS sink in Sequin

​6. Test the pipeline

​Verify & monitor

​Maintenance & troubleshooting

​Next steps

Stream to SQS

Stream to SNS

Filter messages

Transform payloads

Architecture overview

SQS vs SNS at a glance

Prerequisites

Option A – SQS queue

1. Create or pick a queue

2. Grant Sequin permission

3. Create an SQS sink in Sequin

4. Verify messages are being sent to SQS (optional)

5. Connect Lambda to the queue

6. Handle events in your function

7. Test the pipeline

Option B – SNS topic

1. Create or pick a topic

2. Create Lambda function

3. Subscribe Lambda to the topic

4. Grant Sequin permission

5. Create an SNS sink in Sequin

6. Test the pipeline

Verify & monitor

Maintenance & troubleshooting

Next steps